In inverted flow type condenser the steam enters the bottom of the shell and air extraction pump is connected at the top. This inward flow increases the surface area of contact of the tubes and the exhaust steam which increases the heat transfer rate.

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Air is pumped away from the centre of the condenser.

Central flow type surface condenser. A condenser is a unit that condenses steam to water at less pressure than atmospheric pressure. In this central flow surface condenser type steam enters around the shell s circumference. A surface condenser or non mixing type is a sub classification of a cooling action condenser.

The efficiency of surface condensers is 50. Central flow surface condenser 3 8 2016footer text 16 the steam flows radially inward the condensate is collected at the bottom of the shell from where it is taken out by the condensate extraction pump. These condensers are heat exchangers which convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid state at a pressure below atmospheric pressure where cooling water is in short supply an air cooled condenser is often used.

Centralflow surface condenser central flow surface condenser is an improvement of downflow surface condenser. They are classified into 2 types like based on their flow of direction and based on cooling action. Central flow surface condensers due to this position of the extraction pump the steam flow radially inwards over the tubes and steam gets condensed rapidly.

The condensate leaves at the bottom where the condensate extraction pump is situated. But suction pipe of the extraction pump is placed at the center of this condenser. The condensate moves radially towards the centre of tube nest.

A surface condenser is a commonly used term for a water cooled shell and tube heat exchanger installed to condense exhaust steam from a steam turbine in thermal power stations. Central flow surface condenser in this type of surface condenser the suction pipe of the air extraction pump is placed in center of the tubes nest this causes the condensate to flow radially towards the center as shown by arrows in the figure. The steam gets access to the entire periphery of tubes and thus a large surface area for the hear transfer is available as compared to the down flow.

Inverted flow steam condenser. Steam flows upward first and then. The condensate flows radially towards the center of tube bundle.

In this condenser the steam passages are all around the periphery of the shell. Some of the exhaust steams while moving towards the centre meets the undercooled condensate and pre heats it thus reducing undercooling. In this condenser exhaust steam enters at the top of the condenser and flow downwards due to gravitational force.

Down flow surface condensers.